normal flora pdf

Normal flora of small intestine. Normal flora are microorganisms bacteria fungi protozoa and viruses mostly bacteria that continuously inhabited the human body Resident Normal Flora.

Pdf Effect Of Antibiotics On Human Microbiota And Subsequent Disease

Coli infections Determinants of Pathogenicity Ports of entry Modes of transmission Bacterial adherence InvasivenessDissemination Pathological damage Endotoxin Exotoxins Fever Disease onset.

. Duodenum is adjacent to stomach and hence it is slightly acidic in nature. Factors such as age diet hormonal state health and personal hygiene. The abd omen to 1 x 104 CFUcm2 o n the forearm77 Total.

This bacterial population constitutes the. However if the resident flora are disturbed transient microorganisms may colonize proliferate and produce disease. Bacterial counts on th e hands of HCWs have ranged from 39 x.

Characteristics of Normal Flora Different body sites may have same or different flora depending on local conditions. Coli 01 of total population Primarily anaerobic Facultative aerobes deplete oxygen. Blood brain muscle etc are normally free of microorganisms.

The term normal microbial flora denotes the population of microorganisms that inhabit the skin and mucous membranes of healthy normal persons. Epidermidis Propionibacterium acnes diphtheroids Cl. Normal flora - Gastrointestinal tract GI ecology varies Esophagus saliva food Stomach harsh 102 Small intestine 103-108 Proximal small intestine duodenum and jejunum Distal small intestine ileum Large intestine 109-1011ml 350 species E.

However the surface tissues ie skin and mucous membranes are constantly in contact with environmental organisms and. Normal flora of the gut provides important nutrients such as Vitamin K which aid in digestion and absorption of nutrients. 104 to 46 x 106 CFUcm2.

Normal flora - Oral cavity Ecology and developmental stages Birth. The main factor determining the composition of the normal flora in a body region is the nature of the local environment which is determined by pH. Under normal conditions in a healthy human they are harmless and may even be beneficial.

The internal tissues eg. All human tissue which are directly or indirectly exposed to external surrounding have normal flora. There are around 1012bacteria in a gram of feces Indigenous Flora by Anatomic Region REGION COMMENSAL FLORA Skin S.

INTRODUCTION The normal flora can be divided into two groups Resident flora and Transient. Ranged from 0. The mixture of organisms regularly found at any anatomical site is referred to as the normal flora.

Significance of normal flora normal flora may aid the host in several ways. 106 pathogenic microbes gi infection w normal flora gi infection w reduced flora after streptomycin treatment 10 pathogenic microbes. Local conditions select for those organisms that are suited for growth in a particular area.

Distruption of Normal Flora UTI Tumors Bladder incontinence Ureteric reflux Poor hygiene E. Transient flora are generally of little significance as long as the normal resident flora remain intact. When potential pathogens gain a competitive advantage.

Also called Commensals organisms that dine together or Microflora. The normal flora in humans usually develops in an orderly sequence or succession after birth leading to the stable populations of bacteria that make up the normal adult flora. Aid in digestion of food help the development of mucosa immunity protect the host from colonization with pathogenic microbes.

Aureus Candida group A streptococci Pityrosporon Malassezia ovale Nasopharynx Viridans streptococci S. Therefore microorganisms in duodenum is similar to that of stomach. Normal flora of the Respiratory tract 14 Normal flora of the nose Corynebacteria Staphylococci S epidermidis S aureus Streptococci 15 Upper respiratory tract Peptostreptococcus Anaerobic cocci Veilnollella Actillomyces Fusobacterium spp Streptococcus Haemophilus Neisseria spp.

Blood brain muscle etc are normally free of microorganisms. Normal Flora National Cancer Institute Source National Cancer Institute. 16 LOWER RESPI RATORY TRACT.

Normal Flora A diverse microbial flora is associated with the skin and mucous membranes of every human being from shortly after birth until death. From duodenum ileum intestine become less acidic and hence number of microorganism increases. Mainly Lactobacillus and Enterococcus are found in deuodenum.

1 The bacterial flora of the female reproductive tract is a focal point for the study of in-. 6378 -80 Fingertip con tamination. Some pathogenic organisms may establish themselves in a host without manifesting symptoms the host is then referred to as a.

NORMAL SKIN FLORA 307 tested to find the most satisfactory diluent. They are estimated to outnumber human somatic and germ cells by a factor of 10. The human body which contains about 1013 cells routinely harbors about 1014 bacteria Fig.

The normal flora of humans consists of a few fungi but bacteria are the most numerous and obvious microbial components of the normal flora. Normal flora Normal flora is the term used to describe the various bacteria and fungi that are permanent residents of certain body sites especially the skin oropharynx colon and vagina. The functions of the normal flora include digestion of substrates production of vitamins stimulation of cell maturation stimulation of the immune system aid in.

MODULE Normal Flora of Human Body Microbiology 78 Notes 7 NORMAL FLORA OF HUMAN BODY 71 INTRODUCTION In a healthy human the internal tissues eg. The normal flora of humans consists of a few eucaryotic fungi and protists but bacteria are the most numerous and obvious microbial components of the normal flora. 3 Stuff about Normal Flora.

Some organisms are almost always present in a normal. Internal organs such as blood kidney heart lungs brain etc. When the normal flora are displaced from their normal site of the body eg.

The area to be tested not prepared in any way was scraped with a sterile scalpel with a 35 cm. Sterile mouth within 4-12 hours lactobacilli streptococci Neonate Streptococcus salivarius staphylococci Neisseriae Moraxella catarrhalis Teeth appear Streptococcus mutans Streptococcus parasanguis Gingival crevice area Anaerobic species yeasts. These and other procedures resulted in the fol-lowing standard technic which was followed in the actual determination of normal skin flora.

Normal flora f what is normal flora. In addition to the normal transient micro floras a third or intermediate group the supplemental flora has been designated it represents those microorganisms that may be detected in a significant percentage of individuals. A healthy foetus in utero is free from microorganisms.

Such tissue in Human includes skin GI tract urinary tract respiratory tract eyes etc. Harmless or beneficial population of microorganisms or plant life that normally occur in specific areas of the body or the environment. Beneficial Effects of the Normal Flora.

Harmful Effect of Normal Flora 1. Normal flora is usually develops in an orderly sequence shortly after birth leading to the stable populations of normal adult flora. Bloodstream infections by S.

Microbiota Of The Human Ear Microbewiki